Malaysia and the Muslim Spring

ARCHIVES 2012

By admin-s On Sep 28, 2012

A ruling party is not legitimate if the electoral process is flawed, “national interest” and “realpolitik” are not a legitimate excuse for corruption and police brutality.

Azeem Ibrahim (Huffington Post)

President Obama’s recent address to the UN (September 25, 2012) referred to change in the Middle East and North Africa saying that “the path to democracy does not end with the casting of a ballot”.

The President went on to deplore the convulsion of violence in the last two weeks in Muslim countries, in reaction to the “crude and disgusting video” denigrating Islam. He said that recent events speak to “the need for all of us to honestly address the tensions between the West and the Arab world that is moving towards democracy”.

His remarks brought a welcome balance to recent overreaction by international media to the unrest and violence around the world, by acknowledging that the global movement towards liberty and democracy would not be denied.

The movement behind the Arab Spring — or rather the Muslim Spring — has a different connotation in Southeast Asian countries where Burma for example, is slowly transitioning into democracy and Thailand and Pakistan are emerging from periods of military rule. Popular protests and elections have helped bring about change in these countries — some peaceful, some violent — but have been more evolutionary than revolutionary in recent years.

Malaysia too, is undergoing change, but its struggle for democracy has also taken a different route from the sudden change of the Arab Spring; it achieved its independence from British colonial rule in 1957 and has since become an example to the world of what an independent multi-racial federation can achieve.

One of the Asia Tigers in economic transformation due to its continued political stability, Malaysia has been governed since 1970 by a coalition headed by the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) which has presided over a period of dramatic economic growth and increased living standards. Rapid growth, the embrace of technology and industrialization have been accompanied by generous government investment in education, with the result that Malaysia has had one of the best economic records in Asia, with GDP growing at an average of 6.5% for almost 50 years.

Today however, the electorate is restless – the young, educated and relatively well-off population is demanding change. They see the government as representing a past that has been overtaken by modernity. Laws remain on the books that should be repealed in the name of democracy and freedom of speech. At the same time, there is ongoing debate over whether the laws and society of Malaysia, a majority Muslim country, should reflect secular or Islamic principles. Conservative elements in the ruling UMNO coalition are resisting change or want the state to reflect more fundamental Islamic principles and Prime Minister Najib Razak is trying to appease his base while offering reforms to the center, described by some as offering “just enough to alienate his own party and not enough to convince the center ground.” (Economist, Feb 4, 2012)

There is one man however, who seems to have a better understanding of the wave of change overtaking Muslim nations right now. Anwar Ibrahim sees his role in the Muslim Spring as reflecting the mood for change from an autocratic and out-of-touch government whose numerous corruption scandals and police brutality prove that government reform is necessary and democracy needs to be up-dated.